Differentiate Between Horizontal and Vertical Division of Powers.

Horizontal Division of Power

1. Horizontal division of power is such a power sharing arrangement in which power is shared among different organs of government, such as legislature, executive and judiciary.
2. In horizontal division of power, different organs of government exercise different powers. This is a concept of separation of powers.
3. Horizontal distribution specifies the concept of checks and balances in order to check the exercise of unlimited powers of the organs.

Vertical Division of Power

1. In vertical division of powers, power can be shared among governments at different levels like union, state and local levels of government, i.e., it involves higher and lower levels of the government.
2. In vertical division of powers, constitution clearly lays down the power of different levels of the government.
3. There is no concept of checks and balances, because powers are clearly given by the constitution from the higher level to the lower level.