Mining: Mining sites are abandoned after excavation work is complete leaving deep scars in states such as Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, MadhyaPradesh and Odisha. Deforestation due to mining has caused severe land degradation. Over irrigation: Over irrigation in the states of Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh, has caused water logging and increase in salinity of soil. Overgrazing:…
Khadar Soil It is a new alluvial soil. Lower concentration of kankar nodules. It has more fine particles. It is more fertile. Bangar Soil It is an old alluvial soil. Higher concentration of kankar nodules. It has less fine particles. It is less fertile.
Two human activities which are responsible for the process of soil erosion are deforestation and overgrazing, mining, construction, etc. Types of soil erosion mostly observed in india are: Gullies: The running water cuts through the clayey soil and makes deep channels/gullies. The unfit land caused by gullies is called bad land or ravines. Sheet erosion:…
Climatic conditions along with present rock material are important factors for making of black soil. The parent rock is volcanic rock. It is ideal for growing cotton because of the following reasons: It has capacity to hold moisture. It is rich in soil nutrients such as calcium carbonate and potash. Deep cracks in the soil…
Stock They are found in the environment. They are not accessed due to the lack of technology. Example: Water is a compound of two inflammable gases— hydrogen and oxygen, which can be used as a rich source of energy. But we do not have the required technical knowhow to use them for this purpose. Potential…
Renewable Resources Resources which can be renewed or reproduced by mechanical, physical or chemical processes are known as renewable or replenishable resources, e.g., solar and wind energy, water, forests and wildlife, etc. Non-Renewable Resources These occur over very long geological times. Minerals and fossil fuels are examples of such resources. These resources take millions of…
Everything available in our environment which can be used to satisfy our needs, provided, it is technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable is known as a resource. Types of resources on the basis of ownership are: Individual, community, national and international.
Methods of soil conservation: Ploughing along the contour lines can decrease the speed of water flow down the slopes. Step or terrace cultivation on slopes restricts erosion. Western and Central Himalayas have well-developed terrace farming. Strip cropping: Here large fields can be divided into strips. Strips of grass are left to grow between the crops….
Factors responsible for soil formation are: The parent rock is the first factor which provides the basic material for the formation of soil. Climate breaks the parent rock into small pieces. Vegetation: Plant and animal organisms help in the weathering of the rocks slowly but continuously Various forces of nature such as change in temperature,…