“Proverbs are the Palm-oil with which words are eaten.” What does this proverb mean in chapter one of Things Fall Apart?

Achebe illustrates the importance of proverbs in Igbo society by writing, “Among the Igbo the art of conversation is regarded very highly, and proverbs are the palm oil with which words are eaten.” In Igbo society, palm oil is a fundamental ingredient used for cooking. Palm oil not only provides flavour to the meal but also prevents the food from burning while it is being prepared. Achebe’s metaphor indicates that proverbs in conversations are as important as palm oil is to food that is being prepared. Like palm oil, proverbs are not essential for conversation but cold depth and character to the discussion. Proverbs are also pleasing to hear and provide purpose to the conversation. Achebe’s metaphor comparing proverbs to palm oil reveals another piece of insightful information that allows the reader to better understand Igbo society. Throughout the novel, Achebe continuously uses proverbs to explain, emphasize and foreshadow events.

Indeed, with this proverb, Achebe is saying that Igbo Sayings and Proverbs serve as a succinct way to pass on an important saying. Basically, proverbs are an essentially words of wisdom. They make conversation more interesting and make bad news “easier to swallow”. That is why Achebe compares proverbs to Palm-oil; proverbs make difficult or unsavory pieces of advice easier to digest, so to speak. Proverbs are gentler way to give meaningful guidance.

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