A ‘safe water’ is one, that cannot harm the consumer, even when ingested over prolonged periods.

Another process, similar to fortification is enrichment. Enrichment means the addition of such nutrients to foodstuffs which were originally present, but they are lost in the processing. For example certain nutrients which are present in whole wheat are lost in the processing of wheat into flour, particularly refined flour which is used for making bread….

Fortification signifies the addition of a specific nutrient to a food product which is lacking in the foodstuff or is present in limited amounts. For example, common salt is fortified with iodine, bread is fortified with lysine to enhance its protein utilization. Similarly, vanaspati is fortified with Vitamin A and Vitamin D. As evident from…

Fermented food products are quite popular in all over world. In India also preparations like idli, dosa, dhokla, uttapam, bread, naan, curd etc. are all examples of fermented food preparations. Fermentation is a process in which by the action of bacteria, the complex carbohydrates are broken down into simpler carbohydrates. For the fermentation process to…

Germination is the process, whereby a new plant emerges from the seed, as marked by the presence of growing root and shoot, the nutrition for this new plant comes from the embryo of the seed. Germination can be done for whole cereals and pulses. The process consists of soaking, the pulse or cereals overnight, followed…

Frying is a method of cooking in which the food is cooked by the heat of hot fat. Fat or oil can be heated to a much higher temperature, as compared to water and thus, as the food comes in contact with this heated fat, it gets cooked quickly. Fried foods are very tasty and…

Grilling or Broiling is cooking of food by direct heat over a hot fire or under a grill; this is also method of cooking by direct heat. Usually the food is put on grill bars and is cooked over direct heat with the help of little fat. The grill bars are first brushed with oil…

Roasting is cooking the food uncovered in hot air i.e. by dry heat. This can be done in a tandoor, in an oven or in a thick heavy pan. Certain foods like chicken, joints of good quality meats, are roasted with occasional basting (i.e.addition of a little fat, so as to prevent the surface from…

Baking is cooking of food in hot air in a closed oven. The food to be cooked is kept in a preheated oven, where it is surrounded by hot air in the closed oven, thus getting cook by the dry heat. Usually the oven is heated to a particularly temperature according to the food which…