In India, the National Emergency that was declared in 1975 is a significant and controversial period in the nation’s political history. It lasted from 25th June 1975 to 21st March 1977. Prime Minister Indira Gandhi recommended the imposition of the emergency, and President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed accepted the recommendation. Here are the official reasons cited…
Since the 1990s, global environmental protection has risen to the forefront of international priorities for several interrelated reasons: 1. Scientific Consensus: By the 1990s, there was a broadening scientific consensus about the anthropogenic causes of climate change. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), established in 1988, played a significant role in this by bringing…
“Common but Differentiated Responsibilities” (CBDR) is a principle established within international environmental law, particularly within the context of addressing global environmental issues like climate change. The idea acknowledges that while all nations have a shared obligation to address environmental problems, they have different capacities and historical contributions to these problems, and thus, their responsibilities in…
“Global commons” refers to natural resources or areas that are not owned by any particular entity and lie outside the jurisdiction of any one nation, yet are shared and used by everyone. They are considered common goods and their accessibility and health have repercussions for the entire planet. Exploitation and pollution of the global commons…
The Rio Summit, formally known as the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from June 3 to 14, 1992. This summit was notable for its size, with over 170 governments attending, and the variety of its participants, including numerous NGOs and representatives from civil society. The…
India’s stand on environmental issues is multifaceted, reflecting the nation’s complex social and economic landscape. While India is committed to environmental protection and sustainability, the country’s rapid industrialization and growth have posed significant challenges in balancing economic development with environmental stewardship. India has been an active participant in international environmental agreements and has taken various…
Environmental concerns in global politics have been rising in prominence for several decades. As scientific evidence of environmental degradation and its impacts becomes more compelling, these concerns have steadily moved to the forefront of international discussions and negotiations. Here’s an overview of the primary environmental concerns in global politics: 1. Climate Change: The issue of…
The cultural consequences of globalisation are multifaceted and have stirred both appreciation and criticism from various quarters. Here are some key cultural consequences: 1. Cultural Homogenization: As products, services, and cultural goods (such as movies, music, and even fashion) from dominant cultures spread globally, there can be a tendency towards homogenization of cultures. For instance,…
Globalisation, which refers to the integration of economies around the world through trade, investment, migration, and the spread of technology, has had significant economic consequences. Here are some of the positive and negative economic effects of globalisation: Positive Economic Consequences 1. Economic Growth: Globalisation has led to increased economic growth for many countries as they…